Christmas-Time Essay Example for Free

Christmas-Time EssayOur hearts grow tender with childhood memories and love of kindred, and we atomic number 18 better throughout the year for having, in spirit, become a child again at Christmas-time. (Laura Ingalls Wilder)Christmas is coming, it is one of the most important and magnificent holidays of the Christian calendar. This is a miraculous time of year when people begin to believe in miracles again and become pure-minded like heartfelt children.We all come from childhood. This is a merriment and good time which is associated with sweet memories and a sense of continuing happiness. I remember this happy-go-lucky period of my life when I reverieed with confidence without idea whether my dreams would come true or not. On Christmas Eve there were dozens of lights which burnt in my house. Honestly, this amazing picture made my heart so burnished and happy that I wanted to embrace the whole world. I waited always for Christmas time because it was very great to help my par ents to make a special dinner and feel breathtaking holiday atmosphere. Even growing up I become a light-hearted child again for a while, forget all the troubles and dim into the world of magic at Christmas.Moreover, everything changes in the days of Christmas. In this period of time even the most hardened cynics turn into romantics and become a flyspeck kinder. Most people forget about all the difficulties and could be among friends and relatives. All the year round we called each other on the phone occasionally, however at Christmas all loving people gather together at the same table. There is an opportunity to hug each other, talk, and wish happiness during this marvelous night. On Christmas Eve, the sky opens its gates, and we can make a wish, importantly that it should be sincere and from the heart.I want to believe that we can start a new countdown on the eve of this holiday and our life will be more successful and full of incredible things. Once upon a time there was alrea dy a miracle, the birth of Jesus Christ. We yearn to believe in wonders and wish to let a little Christmas magic enter into our lives. Enjoy your life and go towards your dream like children and then the most cherished desires will be fulfilled.

Steps in Medical Billing Process Essay Example for Free

Steps in Medical Billing Process EssayThere be several rates to the medical checkup kick process feel one to ten are as follows Preregister patients, Establish financial responsibility for prattles, Check in the patients, Check out the patients, Review coding compliance, Check billing compliance, Prepare and transmit claims, Monitor payer adjudication, Generate patient statements and finally Follow up patients payments and handle catchions.Preregister patients is when you schedule and up succession appointments and collect insurance info for the patients. When you are scheduling appointments for new patient you need to get basic info and insurance information and reason for appointment. Establishing Financial Responsibility is an important step where you essential determine what services are covered under the patients insurance and what service they are responsible for this also help if a preauthorization is need and ensures that are information is done and billed corr ectly.Check in Patients This is when you collect all necessary information from the patient such as copies for insurance cards. This is also, where you can collect copays and make sure the patients information is correct and updated if need be. Check out Patients This is where you record the proper medical codes for the visit. This is also where you provide information if the patient has made a payment or how much they owe and to make sure it is coded properly so the patient will be supercharged correctly. If payment or copays have been made then a receipt is given.Review Coding Compliance This is where guidelines must be follow when coding the visit. This must be checked for errors and the visit and the code should be connected so the payer understands the charges. Check Billing Compliance Each charge, or fee, for a visit is related to a specific procedure code. The providers fees for services are listed on the medical practices fee schedule. Most medical practices have standard f ee schedules listing their usual fees. Even through there is separate codes for each fee not all are necessarily billablePrepare and Transmit Claims This is where the claims are prepared and submit in a timely manner listing the diagnosis, procedures, and charges for the payer. Most are sent electronically and each practice, as a policy as to when claims are filed be it daily, every other day etc. Monitor Payer Adjudication is where the where the health plans decide quite to pay the whole bill, part of the bill or deny the bill altogether. It is important for them to get their money as soon as possible, this is also where every discrepancies are address, and an appeal is then file if there are any discrepancies found.Generate Patients Statements This is where payments are listed from the payer, and what is still owed and what the patient is being billed it is them mailed to the patient. The date of service and any balances , and services provided are all listed on the statement. F ollow up patients payments and collections this is where patients payments are monitored and checked and if they are behind they are sent a notice and if still no response collection procedures maybe started.

The Harvard Model of HRM Management Essay

The Harvard Model of HRM Management EssayIntroductionThe closing of the twentieth century has addicted rise to a vast debate concerning the response of clement election management to the changing external and internal environment of the firm. The late 1990s set in motion the literature somehow settled on the necessity of strategic HRM, but concerned about the new shares that the HR function should adopt in coiffe to meet contemporary organizational challenges (e.g. Kochan, 1997).The strategic role of the HR function means being involved in strategic planning from the outset and non only during the instruction execution phase and matching employee resources with avocation needs. This role is expected to occupy signifi keeptly more than of the HR practitioners time in the future (Anderson, 1997). However, this does not mean that the administrative role will cease to exist, although there is an inherent tension between the outlook required for a strategic HR role and that of t he HR specialist in a tralatitious role (Beer, 1997). One of the important aspects of the changing environment especially relevant to management is the information revolutionHRM MODELThe early HRM Model Devanna( 1984) emphasizes the interrelatedness and coherence of HRM activities. The HRM cycle in this influence consists of four key components Selection, appraisal, Development and rewards. (figure ). These four HR activities aim to add-on giving medicational executing .The weakness of the model is its apparent perspective nature, it ignores the shareholders interest. The strength of the model, however, is that it express the coherence of internal HR policies. think Devanna (1984) model of HRM.The Harvard model of HRMThe analytical modeling of the Harvard model offered by Beer et al .consists six basic componentsSituation factorsStakeholder interestsHRM policy choicesHR outcomesLong-term consequencesFeedback loop through which the output flow directly into the organisation an d to the stakeholders tooth root (Beer et al 1984)Rationale forHRM evaluationThe notion that HR function should move beyond its administrative and reserveling roles and jimmy has been popular in the US management for long time. Druker, theAmerican management guru, suggested , for example that HR Department should behave differently and demonstrate its strategic capabilities , needing itself away from concern with the cost of employees to concern with their consequence . According to Phllips (1999) , there are seven points in the management thinking and practices that changed the role HR.Organisational changeFlexibility and crosswayivity improvementsThe adoption of HR strategiesThe increased magnificence of human capitalIncreased accountabilityPartnership relationshipsThe growing use of HR information systemsHR dodge HR strategies are here interpreted to mean the patterns of finis regarding HR policies and practices that are used by management to design work and select , train, develop, appraise, motivate and control workersResource based model of HR Strategy Barney argues that four characteristics of resources and capabilities value, rarity, inimitability and non- substitutability- are important in upholding competitive advantage. From this perspective, collective learning in the workplace on the part of managers and non managers, basically on how to coordinate workers diverse knowledge and skills and integrate diverse information technology , is strategic asset that rivals find to difficult to replicate. Figure 3summarizes the relationship between resources and capabilities strategies and sustain competitive advantageFigure The relationship between resource endowments, strategies and sustained competitive advantage..SHAPEFirms resources and capabilitiesValueRarityInimitabilityNon-substitutabilityStrategiesSustained competitive advantage Source Barney (1991)An integrated model of HR StrategyBamberger and Meshoulam (2000) integrate the two main models o f HR strategy , one approach focusing on logic of managerial control , other focusing on the acquisitions of employees . These two dimensions have four different ideal types of dominant HR strategy.CommitmentCollaborativePaternalistic tralatitiousFigure Categorizing human resource management strategies.Source (Bamberger and Meshoulam, 2000.)The commitment HR strategy is characterised as focus on the internal using of employee and outcome controlTraditional HR is focusing on employee competencies and process bases controlThe collaborative HR strategy focusing on the organisation subcontracting work and the performance of the caller-upThe paternalistic HR strategy involves the learning opportunities and internal promotion of the company.HRM and Performance modelFor HR measure , demonstrating the link between HRM strategy and organisational performance requires the measuring stick of some sets of variables. The methodology for ensuring high internal validity would ideally permit a c alculation of how different HRM strategies or individual practices affect economic performance while controlling the other factors that might influence those performance outcomes. Figure 4 demonstrates a basic model showing that relationship HRM practices and organisation performance. The HRM value model indicates the overall relationship between three elements.HRMHR performance measures at both individual employee and work team levelsOrganisational performance measureFigure Human Resource management-organisation performance model(Source Phillips 1999)SHRM SHRM and Organisational performance linkHR strategy, through a diverse range of best practices, shapes employee knowledge and skills, enhances work indigence and provides the opportunity and the means for employees to contribute. These three interrelated processes are shown in figure. Central to the model is the notion that HRM research is required to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of SHRM in order to ensure its contributi on and value added to the organisation.( Bratton and Gold 2007)Figure 2. A general theory of SHRM -organisation performance linkSource Bratton and Gold 2007, p 552StrategyA strategy is an integrated and coordinated set of commitments and actions designed to exploit core competencies and gain a competitive advantage. In the sense, strategies are purposeful and bring out the taking of actions to which they apply (Slevin and Covin, 1997). commerce-level strategy is designed to provide value to customers and gain a competitive advantage by exploiting core competencies in specific, individual product markets (Dess et al., 1995). Thus, a note-level strategy reflects a firms belief about where and how it has an advantage over its rivals. Business strategies are concerned with a firms industry position relative to competitors (Porter, 1985). Thus, favourably positioned firms may have a competitive advantage over their industry rivalsHierarchy of strategyAnother aspect of strategic mana gement in the multidivisional business organisation concerns the level to which strategies issues apply. Various authors identify different level of strategy. See figureCorporateBusinessFunctionalFigure Hierarchy of strategy decision making. (Bratton and Gold 2007)Corporate level strategy describes a corporations overall direction in terms of its general philosophy towards the growth and the management of its various business units. Such strategies determine the types of business a corporation wants to be involved in and what business unit should be acquired, modified or sold.( Bratton and Gold 2007)Business level strategy deals with decision and actions pertaining to each business unit, the main objective of a business level strategy being to make the unit more completive in its marketplace. Therefore, Porter (1985) formulates the frameworks that describe three competitive strategies cost leadership, differentiation and focus. (see figure)Figure Porters competitive strategies.Str ategy-HRM fitThe link between strategy and human resource practice has been discussed by a number of researchers. Devanna et al.1984 state that the strategy- HRM relationship is inwroughtly an extension of Chandlers structure follows strategy thesis. They argue that management theorists and practitioners begin to realize the grandeur of human resources as they grapple with the problem of strategy implementation. It was realized that besides establishing a compatible structure, the successful implementation of a strategy also has to be supported by an appropriate human resource system.Relationship between business strategy and HRMAccording to contingency theory ( Porter, 1985 Schuler and Jackson, 1987), HRM practices must be unite with specific business strategies if they are to enhance organizational performance. Firms that use a cost-reduction strategy must rigorously control and minimize expenses, and strive for greater economies of scale. capacity is important for firms to suc ceed. Behaviour control increases predictability by routinizing the transformation process, this includes the following HRM practices standard operating procedures, behavioural performance appraisal, close supervision, and feedback. By attempting to regulate action, this approach to HRM focuses on issues much(prenominal) as reliability and efficiency.These arguments lead to the following hypothesisHRM based on behaviour control is positively related to performance for firms emphasizing cost-reduction as business strategy.HRM based on input control is positively related to performance for firms emphasizing innovation as business strategyHRM based on output control is positively related to performance for firms emphasizing quality-enhancement as business strategyOrganisation change perspectiveSHRM SPERSPECTIVEHRM and TQMAccording to Dale (1999, p. 9), TQM is the mutual cooperation of everyone in an organization and associated business processes to produce products and services which meet and, hopefully, exceed the needs and expectations of customers.According to Dessler (2000, p. 678), HRM is the policies and practices one needs to carry out the people or human resource aspects of a management position including recruiting, screening, readiness, rewarding and appraisalsLinkage between HRM and TQMHRM and TQM tend to focus on creating such a high performance horti agriculture or system. This can be done by the introduction of so-called Best Practices or high performance work practices (HPWPs) that will deliver sustainable competitive advantage towards the organization. In other words, both HRM and TQM focus on creating sustained competitive advantage through high performance work practices such as leadership, empowerment, teamwork, employee development, rotation and pay for performance. Thus, TQM and HRM both underline the existence of forms of HPWS that drive organizations towards excellent performance (Boselie and van der Wiele,2002).Many commentators argue t hat in order to be fully successful and self-sustaining TQM requires an extensive refashioning of HRM practices (e.g. Dale et al., 1994), whose elements consist of essentially dimensions of human resource management.EmpowermentEmpowerment is one of the HRM/TQMs powerful instruments for a quality culture that encourages employee pastime, motivation, satisfaction, deliberate wilfulness to stay and loyalty towards the organization (Geralis and Terziovsky, 2003). One way of empowering employees is to give them the resources, responsibility and authority to plan, organize, implement, measure their work and make decisions that are obligatory for them to maximize their contribution towards the organization with efficient and effective operationTraining and developmentTraining and development have been recognized as essential to the implementation of HRM/TQM (Snape et al., 1995). It leads to increase employees ponder involvement, facilitates the updating of skills, leads to an increased sense of belonging, well-being and benefit, increase commitment towards the organization and strengthen the organizations competitiveness (Acton and Golden, 2002). According to Cherrington (1995), a successful training and development program would create more favourable employee attitudes loyalty and help employees in their personal development and job involvement. Moreover, Zhang (1999) stressed the importance of training and development for continual updating and improvement, identifying one source of human motivation at work as intrinsic motivation and involvement growing learning and evolution ones self.Reward and recognitionReward and recognition can be defined as benefits, such as increased salary, bonuses and promotion resulting from the annual review of performance, which is conferred for usual acknowledgement of superior performance with respects to goals (Juran and Gryna, 1993). Rewards for quality efforts appear to have a significantly positive relationship to employee morale (Kassicieh and Yourstone, 1998). According to Herzbergs (1996) hygiene/ incentive theory, recognition is one of the four motivators, which can contribute to employee attitudes (i.e. job involvement) when it is present. Reward and recognition activities are valued by employees, and therefore provide motivation or incentives, if executed appropriately, can, to a certain degree, secure employees involvement to their jobs and make their jobs more enjoyable and thus, creating an overall involvement within the respective organization. organizational communicationOrganizational communication can be defined as the process of sharing information with other individuals (Troutt et al., 1995). It is critical within organizations for connecting employees and permits organizations to function, as well as an essential element to the implementation of HRM/TQM (Gray and Laidlaw, 2002)Employee participationEmployee participation is a process for empowering members of an organization to make decisions and to solve problems appropriate to their levels in the organization. Cassar (1999) reported employee participation is one of the close to researched contemporary management practices, primarily because it is often associated with enhancing employees positive attitudes and behaviours in the workplace. Also, through participation, employees will envision their jobs as more enjoyable, resulting in increasing levels of job involvement towards the organizationCustomer focusAccording to Philips (1995), customer focus can be defined as the degree to which a firm continuously satisfies customer needs and expectations. Morrow (1997) reported that customer focus is evident in the job design principle, which emphasizes on (among other things) establishing client relationship and feedback and, in turn, is associated with higher levels of job satisfaction, communication, job involvement and more favourable perceptions of the work outcome.SHRM AND CULTURESHRM-CULTUREFEXIBILITYRECREME NT AND SELECTIONVALUE ANAYSISHR PLANNINGJOB DESIGNEMPLOYEEMENT RELATIONTQM presentationFlexibility Rapid advance in technology and the pressure exerted to respond to global markets are said to be having a significant effect on work patterns, work location and work times ,although some survey evidence suggests such claims may be exaggerated ( Taylor 2002) . In planning how to respond, numerous organisations involve the idea of flexibility .Type of flexibility The flexible firm by Atkinson 91985) identifies four types of flexibilityFunctional a firms ability to adjust and position the skills of its employee to match the tack required by its changing workload and production methods mathematical a firms ability to adjust the level of labour inputs to meet fluctuations in output.Distancing strategies the replace of internal workers with external subcontractors, referred to as outsourcingFinancial support for the achievement of flexibility through the pay and reward structure.Employme nt flexibility and HRMFlexibility is an perplexing and ill-defined concept ( Mayne et al., 1996). The flexibility debate tends to concentrate on the notions of functional and numerical flexibility and the implications of adopting either one or the other. Functional flexibility is normally seen as the ability to respond to changes in business needs by having multi-skilled, adaptable and internally mobile employees (Blyton and Morris, 1992). It requires a skilled and committed workforce that can only be achieved by investing in training and long-term exercising relationships and is, therefore, connected with the establishment of internal labour markets and primary sector employment. Numerical flexibility, on the other hand, is the ability of the firm to vary the quantity of work employed to match changes in the business needs. It represents a cost-cutting approach that looks to externalise the employment relationship, and is associated with short-term and precarious employment condi tions in the secondary labour market segment, under which workers have little incentive or opportunity to be functionally flexible.Flexible working Stredwick and Ellis(2005) suggest key advantages of flexing working .For business, there is the chance to exploit the 24 hours economy and open new labour markets that avoid traditional working hours patterns. Employee seem to like flexible working too, achieving far more in the flexible mode with no desire to go back traditional working patterns.According to the (Department of Trade and Industry, 2003, P 12) there are ranges of possible ways of working hours. They are as bellow.Annualized hoursCompressed hoursFlexitimeHome workingJob- sharingShift-sharingStaggered hoursTerm-time workingINNOVATION

PESTEL five forces and SWOT analysis of Apple

PESTEL five forces and plodding analysis of AppleIntroduction This study is an analysis of the business environment of Apple, Inc., which is typically undertaken as social occasion of the strategic analysis of Apples operations for the medium and long term. The aim of this analysis is to assess the prospects of Apple, Inc. as a potential investment for consideration. at that place ar three aspects of environmental assessment that ar undertaken the macro-environmental analysis makes use of the PESTEL model, industry analysis employs door guards Five Forces model, and the organisational analysis is performed using the SWOT model. PESTEL Analysis The business of Apple shall be evaluated within the context of its operations in the UK. Investor sentiment attached to the dry land plays a major role in determining the level of confidence reposed by investors in the country itself. Negative sentiment in the country overall may cause an investor breaking that would excise stock prices even for companies in industries normally unaffected by the particular events or developments, thus consideration should be extended to indirect repercussions or infection effects collect to perceived weaknesses in the country environment (Chittedi, 2014 Ha, et al., 2014 Ioan, et al., 2013 Liu et al., 2014, Syriopoulos, 2014 Trenca Dezsi, 2013 Yaqing Hongbing, 2013). 2.1 Political The coupled Kingdom is a democratic country with a shelter governance system, and maintains strong influence over the laws and customs of those countries that were formerly part of the British Empire, and now comprise the Commonwealth of Nations. The UK thus holds a strong and enviable position in global politics. However, there ar risks posed by terrorist elements much(prenominal) as members of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) recruited from among the British nationals. Current political challenges accept the increasing tensions in the ruling coalition and the sagging government popul arity (UK Country visibility, 2013 USCIA, 2014). 2.2 Economic The UK is a world frugal power, with a highly developed thriftiness that gained its footing after the Second World War. According to the World Banks assessment, as of 2003 the UK is the seventh best country to invest in or do business with. It is however burdened by a growing government debt problem (currently at 1.38 trillion) and a huge budget deficit. In send to strengthen the financial system, the Bank of England (BoE) was given the authority to oversee the macro-prudential health and stability of the financial system. The BoE coordinates interest rate movements with the europiuman Central Bank during measure of crisis, however Britain still remains outside the European Economic and Monetary Union (CEEDR, 2012 UK Country Profile, 2013 USCIA, 2014). 2.3 Social The standard of living of UK citizens is comparable with other outset World countries. The education and health care systems are among the worlds best, and the social goals of the government include the alleviation of income inequality and eradication of child poverty. As a member of the European grocery, the UK benefits from the free flow of young people into the country to offset the problems posed by an aging population. Demographically, the population is aging (i.e., 35% of the population are 55 eld and older, only 30% are below 25 years), with average purport expectancy r distri only whenivelying 82 years for women and 78 year for men (CEEDR, 2012 UK Country Profile, 2013 USCIA, 2014). 2.4 Technology The United Kingdom is ren admited worldwide for its scientific expertise and cutting-edge research and development (RD). expert property rights are stringently protected by legislation. Among the challenges to the UK with respect to technology is the increasing shortage of RD workforce, a trend that has persisted since 2008. The number of engineers and technicians in the physical and life sciences, as well as IT and telecom speci alizers, continue to decline. The lack of technical personnel and RD specialists is a serious threat to the continued competitiveness of UK industry. Patent applications curb also been on the decline, meaning that innovations may slow d cause, further compromising competitiveness (UK Country Profile, 2013 USCIA, 2014). 2.5 Environmental The UK is a strong participant in the manifestation of global policies, particularly with respect to agreements dealing with the environment, emission reduction, and sustainable energy source. However, the UK is also known to fuddle a high level of air pollution. The European Commission issued a final warning to UK for the poor quality of its air, prompting the country to expedite a solution to the problem (BBC, 2014 Mathiesen, 2014). High air pollution, due to exhaust fumes and emissions from power stations and factories, prevails in London, while dangerous levels of NO2 have been recorded in Birmingham, Glasgow and Manchester (BBC, 2014 Dugan, 2013 Mathiesen, 2014 UK Country Profile, 2013). Government policies, however, go forth continue to tempo the middle ground between environmental protection and economic development (UK Country Profile, 2013 USCIA, 2014). 2.6 Legal The UK has a legal system that is organised, transparent and efficient, and efforts are cosmos exerted to make the processes in the courts simpler and more efficient and transparent (Great Britain Ministry of Justice, 2011). The legislative system favours a high level of freedom in business, primarily to enable investor believe and confidence. There is effective enforcement of the law in the World Banks Doing Business indicators 2013, UK ranks at the 21st position among 185 countries with regard to enforcement of contracts. Challenges remain, however, in terms of appraise evasion, and balancing in the flesh(predicate) liberties against the threat of terrorism. These challenges are being addressed by current proposals to amend legislation (UK Country Profile, 2013 USCIA, 2014). Porters Five Forces Porters Five Forces analysis is a model used for industry analysis. Apple plays a significant role in four businesses, namely the converse equipment industry, the euphony and video industry, the mobile phones industry, and the personal computer (PC) industry. Because its participation in the overall PC industry is comparatively small compared to its other products, only the initial three industries shall be analysed here. Apples overall business includes eight product lines iPhone, its related to products and services iPad and related products and services, Mac portables and other music related products and services, Mac desktops, iPod, software, services and other hardware (Apple, Inc., 2014 GCEIP, 2014). 3.1 Bargaining Power of Buyers conference Equipment effort Buyer power is moderate. Apple communications equipment caters to individual emptors, but each buyer has little bargaining power as he/she bargains for him/herself al one. If the comp both loses just one consumer, the effect on the company will be insignificant. Collectively, however, buyer power may be more significant, as switching cost are low. Fixed line telecommunication guiles have a low story of differentiation and there is little innovation taking place in this area, for which reason buyers are sensitive to price levels and could easily transfer from one provider to another. Apples major competitors in this market include Lenovo, Nokia, and Samsung (GCEIP, 2014 CEIPUK, 2014). melody and Video Industry The bargaining power of buyers is moderate. As with the communications equipment industry, there are many buyers in this market, thus reducing their bargaining power. Offsetting this, however, is the low switching costs that enables customers to transfer brands quite easily. Also, there is a trend towards greater taste for online retail channels and digital download gross sales due to their greater convenience. Buyers are because sen sitive to price, recommendations, availability, obedience schemes, and brand image. In the global music and video industry, Apples key competitors are Amazon, Tesco, and Wal-Mart Stores (GMVIP, 2014 MVIPUK, 2014). lively Phones Industry The bargaining power of buyers is moderate. There are two types of buyers in this market, the retail outlets (e.g. Europes Carphone Warehouse, Walmart) which purchase handsets for sale to consumers, and the mobile network operators that now make their own retail sales bundled with the service they pop the question. The huge retailers are at a disadvantage because they need to stock up on the latest innovations to meet end-user demand. When new innovations or models appear, unsold inventory of earlier models become obsolete. Apple is at an advantage because the firm is capable of forward integration i.e., they conduct their own retail operations. As a result, buyer power is diluted. Apples surrounding(prenominal) competitors in this industry a re LG Electronics, Nokia, and Samsung (GMPIP, 2014 MPIPUK, 2014). 3.2 Bargaining Power of Suppliers Communication Equipment Industry mobile Phones Industry Supplier power is moderate. There are only a relatively small number of large multinationals who supply parts and components to this market, reducing market players options when sourcing for products. While backward integration is difficult due to high costs of telecommunication manufacturing, it is however not impossible for instance, British supermarket brand Tesco will launch its own smart phone device, which if successful and followed by other retailers will reduce supplier power. Aside from their scarcity, suppliers are also benefitted by the level of customer loyalty that firms develop for their manufacturers. Apple, however, is one of those few companies which sell their products online and which operate their own retail shops (GCEIP, 2014 CEIPUK, 2014). Music and Video Industry Supplier power is relatively high in th e music and video industry. The suppliers in this industry pertain to the purveyors of discipline, such as the record companies, TV studios and film studios. End-user tastes drive demand, and when the particular content is specifically in demand then market players are compelled to stock on popular products so as not to miss out on revenues for songs, movies, or shows that have high appeal. Also, suppliers such as large film and TV studios tend to integrate forward, that is, they sell directly to the retail market through their own websites. In these situations, there is strong supplier bargaining power (GMVIP, 2014 MVIPUK, 2014). Mobile Phone Industry Supplier power is moderate in the mobile phone industry. Mobile phone manufacturers are much large than their suppliers, and are thence in a position to better influence supply contracts. Operating systems are vital components to smartphone manufacturers, but in the case of Apple and Blackberry the in operation(p) systems are de veloped by the manufacturers themselves, and therefore one element of supplier power is diminished (GMPIP, 2014 MPIPUK, 2014). 3.3 Threat of Substitutes Communication Equipment Industry The threat of substitutes is moderate to strong, as product substitution may potential exist within the market. Landline phones and mobile devices are substitutes for each other, although mobile devices have the advantage of flexibility, portability and mobility. In developing countries, counterfeits may proliferate, drawing demand away from legitimate retailers, but such risk is gradually being eroded by regulation, law enforcement, and security measures. Cheaper second-hand products are also substitutes for new models, which may challenge the higher-priced Apple products in certain market segments (GCEIP, 2014 CEIPUK, 2014). Music and Video Industry The threat of substitutes, particularly from counterfeit media, is rattling strong this becomes apparent when one considers that digital video and audio content are easily duplicated. Pirated titles appear online, on CDs, and more recently through blow and file sharing websites. While lawsuits have been filed and litigation pursued in some cases, the lawsuits are so slow that by the time they take effect, abuse has already been done that cannot be undone for the titles thus distributed. The same contents made legally accessible online also act as substitutes for the same content formatted on CDs and DVDs. Although demand for the latter may decline, there will still remain buyers who prefer their music or shows on a physical device (GMVIP, 2014 MVIPUK, 2014) Mobile Phones Industry The threat of substitutes is low. The threat posed by landline telephones as substitute for cellular phones is weak, due to the greater flexibility, portability and wide area insurance coverage offered by mobile phone usage. Neither are laptops a strong substitute due to disadvantages in size, weight, and the capacity for outward calls (GMPIP, 2 014 MPIPUK, 2014). 3.4 Threat of New Entrants Communication Equipment Industry The threat of new appetizers is moderate. There is a low degree of differentiation among the products and services that players in this industry can offer this signifies that customer loyalty is low, and customers tend more to follow the brand of the manufacturer rather than the retailer. Since buyers can easily switch retailers, low cost entry into the market is possible. Entry barriers are thus low, and threats of new entrants is strong, despite the fact that more established and larger-sale retailers would have developed better relationships with their suppliers as well as enjoy economies of scale (GCEIP, 2014 CEIPUK, 2014). Music and Video Industry The threat of new entrants is strong, and entry barriers to this market are low. If the prospective player already runs a retail business, then entry into the market becomes easy. Switching costs among vendors is low, and enables customers to transfer a mong players depending on the price, stock or brand image. Larger players carry strong brand images however, this alone will not be sufficient basis to draw market share away from new entrants (GMVIP, 2014 MVIPUK, 2014). Mobile Phones Industry The threat of new entrants is moderate. The popularity of smartphones continue to attract new players which offer the same features as the established brands, such as Apple and HTC. A good number of the more mature mobile phone manufacturers offer their own smartphones. A market for cheap feature phones thrives in developing economies. New entrants are nevertheless faced with challenges, such as the huge amount and the specialist skills and experience required for capital outlay for RD in which Apple is well entrenched (GMPIP, 2014 MPIPUK, 2014). 3.5 Internal rivalry Communication Equipment Industry Internal rivalry in this market is low to moderate. The market for global communications equipment is highly fragmented market participants are numerous and diverse, including large foreign companies as well as local independent shops. Competition is slightly more intense among specialty shops than it is for the larger firms that have a presence in several markets. Even so, contest tends to ease because the demand for digital communications products is still expanding, enabling all firms to acquire a reasonable share of the market (GCEIP, 2014 CEIPUK, 2014). Music and Video Industry Internal rivalry is strong, mainly due to the similar choice of products offered by competing players and the low switching costs among market players. Unless the content is originally produced or print by the player, it would not be able to sustain any long-term competitive advantage over its rivals as content and processes are common and very(a) (GMVIP, 2014 MVIPUK, 2014). Mobile Phones Industry Internal rivalry among mobile phone manufacturers is moderate, with the lions share of the market being shared among a few large and well-know n firms (i.e. Apple, Nokia, LG, Samsung). A second tier of smaller manufacturers are directed towards specific niches and do not really pose strong competition to the larger firms (GMPIP, 2014 MPIPUK, 2014). SWOT Analysis (Datamonitor, 2011 MarketLine, 2014)4.1 Strengths Apples several businesses are the result of a combined horizontal and upended integration. Horizontal integration is comprised of its wide trope of products, while the interconnectivity among such products is the result of the vertical integration. This has enabled the firm to create strong competitive advantages that competitors find difficult to challenge. Apple continues to enjoy strong growth evaluate and cash flows, as sales remain brisk particularly on its online stores. Apple commands high Application Service Providers (ASPs) which continue to perform well in the market while demand for ASPs of other company providers has declined. 4.2 Weaknesses Apple failed to anticipate certain product categories suc h as phablets, and therefore was a later entrant into them. Until recently, Apple had not launched a larger screen phone, despite having invented the tablet. Samsung outperformed Apple in this respect, having pioneered in the phablet with Galaxy Note in 2011, and now has a peremptory presence in the phablet market. Apple positions itself in the premium category and prices itself at a single price point. Consumers who could not afford the premium price therefore turn to Samsung and other brands that have a range of differentially priced products for different markets. Apple has an overdependence on the iPad and iPhone for its revenues and growth rates the revenues from these two products comprise 72.1% of its total revenues for 2013. ultimate decline in the sales of these products will threaten the companys sustainability and viability. 4.3 Opportunities The iPhone and iPad remain popular in the personal gadgets market, and further growth in their sales could still be explored in the corporate arena. A trend known as bring-your-own-device has become popular in the workplace, as people have appropriated these personal devices for their business purposes. Companies have only begun to exploit mobility strategies to offer better choices to the customers, and iPads may be tapped for this. Apple has yet to fully tap the growth prospects in the acclivitous markets. There is a rising middle class in India in which Apple may carve out a greater market share. It should be recalled that India is a member of the Commonwealth with which the UK is developing increasingly closer ties. The vast market in emerging countries is far from saturation, and Apple in UK is in a position of take advantage of it. 4.4 Threats One of the weaknesses of Apple cited is its premium pricing policy. This policy shall prove detrimental to any efforts to penetrate an emerging market, because few if any will be able to afford it. Therefore, in the event of any economic downturns that tend to erode the buying power of consumers, demand may shift from Apples more expensive products to lower-priced competitors like Samsung. The complex environment of electronic communication devices is constantly innovating and poses a serious challenge to Apples position in the market. Players are aggressively competitive, principally because of the fluidity of this disruptive innovation that allows for constant redesigning and modification. Conclusion The business of Apple, Inc. is a viable investment in the UK, although recommendation of entry stock price will have to await a valuation analysis of the stock based on financial and economic models. Being an investment that relies in technological innovation, Apple will have to be a growth buy, that is, it may not have long-term prospects but it will continue to have a strong market presence in the medium term. The principal concern of investors will be the sustainability of Apples cutting-edge innovations in the post-Steve Jobs era. App le should continue to maintain its core competence in technological innovation and its competitive advantage in its horizontal and vertical integration to remain a viable investment. References Apple Inc. The Steve Jobs Effect (2012) Apple Case Study The Steve Jobs Effect, pp. 1-16 Apple, Inc. (2014) Apple Info. Retrieved 25 October 2014 from https//www.apple.com/about/ BBC News (2014) Air pollution needs more monitoring, says GMB union. BBC News UK. 8 June. Retrieved 25 October 2014 from http//www.bbc.com/news/uk-27753072 Centre for Enterprise and Economic Development Research (CEEDR) (2012, May) Early Assessment of the UK Innovation investment funds Fund. Department for Business Innovation Skills. Retrieved 25 October 2014 from https//www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/32236/12-815-early-assessment-uk-innovation-investment-fund.pdf Chittedi, KR (2014) Global Financial Crisis And Contagion Evidence For The Bric Economies, Journal of Developing Ar eas, 48, 4, pp. 243-264 communications Equipment Industry Profile United Kingdom (CEIPUK) (2014) Communications Equipment Industry Profile United Kingdom, pp. 1-37 Datamonitor Apple Inc (2011) Apple, Inc. SWOT Analysis, pp. 1-10 Department for International Development (2013) Multilateral upkeep Review Assessment of Climate Investment Funds (CIFs). Retrieved 25 October 2014 from https//www.gov.uk/government/publications/multilateral-aid-review-assessment-of-climate-investment-funds-cifs Dugan, E (2013) Government fights Europe over air pollution reduction. The Independent, 2 March. Retrieved 25 October 2014 from http//www.independent.co.uk/environment/government-fights-europe-over-air-pollution-reduction-8517922.html Global Communications Equipment Industry Profile (GCEIP) (2014) Communications Equipment Industry Profile Global, pp. 1-35 Global Mobile Phones Industry Profile (GMPIP) (2014) Mobile Phones Industry Profile Global, pp. 1-34 Global Music Video Industry Profile ( GMVIP) (2014) Music Video Industry Profile Global, pp. 1-34 Great Britain Ministry of Justice (2011) Legal Aid Reform in England and Wales The Government Response. London Ministry of Justice Ha, L, Koziol, C, Schweizer, D (2014) What Drives Contagion in Financial Markets? Liquidity Effects versus Information Spill- Over, European Financial Management, 20, 3, pp. 548-573 Ioan, T, Nicolae, P, Eva, D (2013) An inquiry Into Contagion Transmission And Spillover Effects In breed Markets, Annals Of The University Of Oradea, Economic Science Series, 22, 2, pp. 472-482 Liu, Y, Ouyang, H (2014) Spillover and Comovement The Contagion Mechanism of Systemic Risks Between the U.S. and Chinese seam Markets, Emerging Markets Finance Trade, 50, pp. 109-121 Mallin, M, Finkle, T (2011) Apple Inc. product portfolio analysis, Journal of The International Academy For Case Studies, 7, p. 63 MarketLine (2014) Apple Inc. SWOT Analysis, MarketLine, pp. 1-10 Mathiesen, K (2014) Does London hav e the worst NO2 pollution on Earth? The Guardian The Eco Audit. 10 July. Retrieved 25 October 2014 from http//www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/jul/10/london-worst-no2-pollution-earth Mobile Phones Industry Profile United Kingdom (MPIPUK) (2014) Mobile Phones Industry Profile United Kingdom, pp. 1-37 Music Video Industry Profiles the United Kingdom (MVIPUK) (2014) Music Video Industry Profile United Kingdom, pp. 1-32 Syriopoulos, T (2014) Stock Market Volatility and Contagion Effects in the Financial Crisis The Case Of South-Eastern Europe, n.p. EBSCO Trenca, I, Dezsi, E (2013) Connections Between the European Stock Markets, Review of Economic Studies Research Virgil Madgearu, 6, 2, pp. 151-171 United Kingdom Country Profile (2013) UK Country Profile, pp. 1-67 US Central Intelligence Agency (USCIA) (2014) United Kingdom The World Factbook. Retrieved 25 October 2014 from https//www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/print/country/countrypdf_uk.pdf Yaqi ng, L, Hongbing, O (2013) Identification and Measurement of Contagion Effects Among Main Markets in Financial Crisis, Pakistan Journal of Statistics, 29, 6, pp. 1105-1116

The Food Security Of India

The diet Security Of IndiaFood Security as described in World Food Summit, Rome 1996, Food Security exists, when all people, at all time be in possession of physical and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious intellectual nourishment to meet their dietary needs and nutrition tasting for an active and healthy life. India uptill now has faced 14 famines in its history and among them the Bengal Famine of 1943 was the worst. Food accessibility and chemical elementy farm in India has been largely related to the vagaries of monsoon. In the past concentrated efforts were made to achieve viands aegis by increasing sustenance grain yield. The Green conversion was a step towards attaining Food Security.For brinytaining a satisfactory level of operational and buffer stock of regimen grains and to ensure national solid sustenance security, The Food Corporation of India (FCI henceforth) was set up nether the Food Corporation Act 1964. It ensured effective price support op eration for safeguarding the interest of the farmers. A nonher important work that FCI does is managing the Public Distribution System. FCI maintains food security in the country through its four Zonal Offices- North Zone, South Zone, East Zone and West Zone and their respective regional offices. FCI has also schematic a comprehensive and a structured training mechanism in accordance with its organisational goals known as the Institute of Food Security. The flagship activity of the institute has been to claim short-term training programmes on various subjects related to Food Security, Managerial Skills, Computer skills and on operations of FCI.Food Security as we have mentioned prouder up exists when all people have access to have food and there is a minimum level of nutrition that is maintained. There are four main dimensions of food security that can be identifiedPTOPhysical Availability of food- It is determined by the level of food production, stock levels and net workmansh ip or in short we refer to the supply side of food availability.Economic and Physical access to food- Access to food depends on income, expenditure, market and rule prices in the market. Availability of food grains in the country does not ensure availability to every individual.Food utilization- Sufficient energy and nutrient intake by individuals along with good biological utilization of food consumed determines the nutritional status of individuals.Stability of other three dimensions over time Adverse weather conditions, policy-making conditions and economic factors have an impact over food security.In spite of constant efforts by the government and FCIs repeated efforts India has failed to feed the teeming millions. Food availability in the country is poor and there still remain a huge amount people who strive to get two squares of meal a twenty-four hours. Innovative strategic interventions are the needs of the hour and they have to be implemented to ensure food availabilit y, food access and utilization. Freedom from hunger is not only a basic right but it is also essential for the enjoyment of all other rights. There has to be much stress on community farming. Through research and development it has to be aimed to reduce cost of production. New technology has to be introduced so as to achieve high production and better yield. It has been rightly mentioned in our five year plans that the time has come to introduce a Second Green Revolution. A vicissitude of such a great intensity is required to overcome these ailments. Expanding utilization of food facilities and encouraging private sector investments can be another possibility towards achieving this goal.Over the age India has miserably failed to achieve food security. The number of people without enough food to eat on a regular basis remains stubbornly high through the ages. In India about 29 % of the 872.9 million people are malnourished. There have been various reasons contributing to this. One of major reasons is that Indian agriculture has been highly dependent on the vagaries of monsoon. Rainfall has been constantly irregular in India and moreover the recent diverges in the climatic conditions all over the world have contributed to the problem of unavailability of food. In spite of Governments repeated efforts to maintain Food Security and availability, it has been highly subject to the irregularities of agricultural production. It is said that India attained national food self-sufficiency 35 years ago yet about 35% of its population remains food insecure. We look into the close interlink between food security and agriculture.In the past three decades the South Asian countries have made considerable advancement in food production which was elicited by the Green Revolution. Green Revolution was introduced in 1960s and they brought in the use of High Yielding Variety (HYV) of seeds. It brought about a revolutionary boost in production. Now there was a huge expansion in the nip off yield which contributed to the countrys growth. But agriculture was highly decelerated in the country and more point was laid on industrialisation. Thus the wave of green revolution did not reach all parts of the country and it full effect was not realised. It remained regional and only affected the rich farmers. Also in the 1960s India experienced two major droughts and there was a severe food shortage. There was not sufficient food for all. Also we can say that green revolution was successful to some extent but the aim of self sufficiency and food security still seem like a distant dream.In India climate plays a major role in agriculture. Agriculture even to this day is highly dependent on the vagaries of monsoon. Climatic tilt will affect food security through its impacts on all components of national and local food production system. There has been a rising trend in the temperatures all over the world. This has contributed to a fall in pelting drastically. Another aspect of climatic change is that of extreme weather events like cyclone which has made agriculture losses higher and has affected total production. Climatic changes as seawater incursion and droll flooding are effecting greatly as well. Changes in temperature and precipitation influence water run-off and erosion affecting soil organic carbon and nitrogen heart and soul and salinity in the soil. Thus the changing weather condition all over the world has had its toll on agriculture. The new climatic conditions are more likely to have negative impacts such as a rise in the spread of diseases and pests, which will reduce yields. Rainfall trends have changed and decrease in rainfall has lead to a fall in production. Rising temperature, changing precipitation patterns and an increasing frequency of extreme weather events are expected to be the reasons for reducing regional water availability. In a country like India where there is lack of irrigation facilities and agriculture is compl etely dependent on rainfall, irregular rainfall directly affect the total crop production. Unavailability of sufficient water is also another reason for crop failure. Grain output has been stagnating for over a decade and there is a growing gap between supply and demand. A decrease in production leads to poor availability and thus food security of the country is poor. The crisis has been building up for some time. The food grains yields of Indian farmers are not going up. Thus we come to the conclusion that climate change will reduce crop yield in the tropical country like India. The regional inequality in food production resulting from climate change will have a very great implication on the food security of the country.Another problem is that of lack of proper mechanization in agriculture. Indian farmers are mostly too poor to implement the modern techniques or machinery in their farms. The small and marginal farmers generally sell their produce. Now transporting and fund of food grains too holds huge importance in a country like India where the condition of infrastructure is very poor. The Food Corporation of India has been entrusted with the job of maintaining a buffer stock. A buffer stock is obligatory so as to ensure food security during bad agricultural years or crop failures. But due to lack of infrastructure every year there is a considerable amount of food grains that is wasted.Quantity of food grains damaged in India YEARQUANTITY(lakh MTs)2004-20050.972005-20060.952006-20070.252007-20080.342008-20090.032009-20100.03AVERAGE0.58Source Rajya Sabha Unstarred Question No. 2779, dated 27.04.2007. Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No. 3065, dated 08.12.2009The above table shows the amount of food which is wasted from 2004-2010. In a country like India where agricultural production is not enough and people do not get two squares of meal a day, these datas are shocking. This has lead to a fall in food security because there has been a deficiency of food grains .Another important factor in this context is that of priming coat use. Due to rapid industrialisation in building roads, houses and factories, private entrepreneurs are taking away the fertile lands for non-agricultural purposes. The supply of land in nature is fixed and as more and more land is used for non-agricultural practises it has been seen that the land for agricultural purpose is decreasing. People look at the comparative degree advantage of industrialisation over agriculture. But they fail to realise that in a way they are decreasing their food-grain production. This has lead to a disparity between the demand and supply of food grains and thus instability in food security.The food policy of India took up two objectives one is to create a food surplus economy and next is to provide food grains at subsidised rates. Our Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had implemented a seed-water-fertilizer policy commonly called the Green Revolution in order to attain self-sufficiency and to attain food security.It is time we had a revolution of such an intensity to revive our strategies to attain food security. In a country as huge as India where population grows at about 8 % and where a large chunk of the population is malnourished and under-weight it becomes necessary to attain food security. The supply chain between the farmers and the consumers should be shortened. Farmer friendly marketing processes should be introduced. And most important a second revolution is necessary to bring about stability in the Food Security in the country.**************************

Brave New World - A Wake-Up Call for Humanity Essay -- Brave New World

Brave New World - A Wake-Up Call for Humanity(this essay has problems with the format)Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in England, human society has had to dispute to adapt to new technology. There is a shift from traditional society to a modern one. Within the last ten years we have seen atrocious advances in science and technology, and we are becoming more and more socially dependent on it. In the Brave New World, Huxley states that we are moving in the direction of Utopia much more rapidly than anyone had ever anticipated. Its goal is achieving happiness by giving up science, art, religion and other things we cherish in our world. It is an cruel society controlled by technology where human beings are produced on assembly line. His prophetic elements of human beings being conditioned, the concerns for the environment, importance of genetic engineering and re mathematical product, and our physical and rational development has now been one of the major factors tha t the governments, businesses and educational institutions are exploiting today. We are subconsciously moving to this bureaucracy of conformity, and Brave New World is a agitate up call from our obsessions of standardization socially, economically and politically. The story took place in A.F (After Ford) 632, this is 632years after Ford has released the first T-ford. Huxley used ?After Ford?to show its peachy advancement in making automobiles as a company over the years. In 1932, Huxley introduced Brave New World to show his great concern of the westward civilization. He saw that in the 1900s there was a dramatic economic change in different countries, where the wholesalers are being eliminated, and manufacturers selling directly to the consumers. For example, at that time Ford makes cars and even sells them. They control who and where they sell. Technology and transportation was increasing tremendously, which caused more and bigger factories, mass-productions (eg. automobiles), and more manufactured goods. There were more volumes of trade and production due to more machinery. As markets are growing, activities, structures, as well as attitudes towards companies are changing. Robert Heibroner suggests that ?the rise of such giant enterprises has changed the face of capitalism as they exploit to alter the market setting through a system of public and private planning (p.43).? Like the vi... ...re before (in terms of wealth, happiness, etc)? Are we too dependent on technology and science? Where is our individuality? Where is the tradeoff? How can we change to stop ourselves from moving toward the so-called ?Utopia?society? It seems that we too, are living in an incubator, pin down and conditioned, and we must do something to stop this from happening. Bibliography Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World. New York HarperPerennial, 1946. http//www.primenet.com/matthew/huxley/sub/Barron_BNW.html http//www.demigod.org/zak/documents/high-school/brave-new-world/html htt p//www.ddc.net/ygg/etext/brave.htm Sexty,Robert. Overview of the Business System ,in Canadian Business and Society, Prentice-Hall, Scarborough, Ontario, 2005, pp5-22 Chandler, Alfred D.Jr. The Roe of Business in the United States A Historical Survey, in Business and Society, Barry Castro ed., Oxford University Press, pp.61-88 Steiner, G.A. and Steiner,J.F., Critics of Business, in Business,Government and Society A Managerial Perspective, 8th ed., McGraw-Hill, 2005.pp,69-90 Shaw, William H.., The Nature of Capitalism,in Business Ethics, tertiary ed., Wadworth, 2006, pp.124-152

Hucks Inescapable Moral Dilemma :: essays papers

Hucks Inescapable Moral Dilemma In the novel, Huck is faced with the predicament of whether or non to return Jim, the runaway break ones back, back to Jims owner. He, at an early age, is faced with the decision that has plagued man for ages choosing what is chastely right, even though it is nix in cab atomic number 18t and popular culture. He goes against the fold and goes with what his heart tells him. Hucks predicament is Twains inescapable dilemma. In an raise by Roger Rosenblatt, entitled The visor of Rights, Rosenblatt ends his essay with a single line Downriver we ride together, as ever, free to go to hell. Rosenblatts final line in his essay makes an key point. It is not unless Huck who is faced with decisions. Huckleberry Finn represents every person who has ever had to make a decision between what they savor is morally correct and what society perceives as right. Today Hucks dilemma with whether or not it is right to help free his eventual friend Jim can be co mpared with a vivifys decision on whether or not to perform an abortion. The tough decision a doctor has to make about abortion is an example of an inescapable dilemma that plagues modern man. In abortion, the doctor is faced with a difficult decision. Should he take the manner of an un born(p) child? What if the child was deformed, or was otherwise going to be born into a possibly unhealthy environment? Is taking away the opportunity to live life morally wrong or not? There are legion(predicate) more questions that face the doctor as well as the mother of the fetus. As the mother and the doctor are faced with this dilemma, sometimes what they feel is morally correct is not legal- as abortion is illegal in certain states. Huck would definitely be breaking the law if he freed Jim. Jim is just a slave to most of the people. He is just property that can be sold or used until it wears out. Huck sees more than just the slave qualities in Jim. Huck sees life. Similarly many people see life in an unborn fetus and have real qualms with killing a evolution child. other example of an inescapable dilemma is guns. Should it be legal for man to have the power to purchase such an item whose sole purpose is to enfeeble life in general and human life?Hucks Inescapable Moral Dilemma essays papersHucks Inescapable Moral Dilemma In the novel, Huck is faced with the dilemma of whether or not to return Jim, the runaway slave, back to Jims owner. He, at an early age, is faced with the decision that has plagued man for ages choosing what is morally right, even though it is forbidden in society and popular culture. He goes against the fold and goes with what his heart tells him. Hucks predicament is Twains inescapable dilemma. In an essay by Roger Rosenblatt, entitled The Bill of Rights, Rosenblatt ends his essay with a single line Downriver we ride together, as ever, free to go to hell. Rosenblatts final line in his essay makes an important point. It is not just Hu ck who is faced with decisions. Huckleberry Finn represents every person who has ever had to make a decision between what they feel is morally correct and what society perceives as right. Today Hucks dilemma with whether or not it is right to help free his eventual friend Jim can be compared with a doctors decision on whether or not to perform an abortion. The tough decision a doctor has to make about abortion is an example of an inescapable dilemma that plagues modern man. In abortion, the doctor is faced with a difficult decision. Should he take the life of an unborn child? What if the child was deformed, or was otherwise going to be born into a possibly unhealthy environment? Is taking away the opportunity to live life morally wrong or not? There are many more questions that face the doctor as well as the mother of the fetus. As the mother and the doctor are faced with this dilemma, sometimes what they feel is morally correct is not legal- as abortion is illegal in certain s tates. Huck would definitely be breaking the law if he freed Jim. Jim is just a slave to most of the people. He is just property that can be sold or used until it wears out. Huck sees more than just the slave qualities in Jim. Huck sees life. Similarly many people see life in an unborn fetus and have real qualms with killing a developing child. Another example of an inescapable dilemma is guns. Should it be legal for man to have the power to purchase such an item whose sole purpose is to drain life in general and human life?